For buyers contracting authority
Choose 48180000 when the procurement is packaged software whose purpose is clinical or healthcare delivery: an electronic patient record, a treatment-planning system, theatre or pharmacy management, instrument tracking. The defining test is that the product is a software package configured for the site, not a system built from scratch and not a piece of medical equipment.
The boundary that trips contracting authorities is Medical information systems (48814000). That code and its children describe healthcare information systems as systems, often the larger integrated platform; 48180000 is the packaged-software framing. Where a single contract folds a package into a wider information-system programme, set the primary CPV code by the dominant deliverable.
One more trap: this is software, not a device. A physical medical instrument or product belongs in the 33xxxxxx range, for example Miscellaneous medical devices and products (33190000), even when that device ships with embedded control software. Keep 48180000 for contracts whose accepted deliverable is the healthcare software itself.