For buyers contracting authority
Choose 48822000 when the purchase is general-purpose server hardware and the box is defined by its compute, not by a single network role. Rack and blade servers for a data centre, GPU nodes for AI and research workloads, and hyper-converged appliances all sit here.
The judgement calls are against the siblings. If the machine exists mainly to store and serve shared files, File servers (48823000) is the closer fit; if its defining role is network services and routing, Network servers (48821000) fits better; if it front-ends web applications, Web servers (48825000) applies. Computer servers is the default when none of those single functions dominates.
A second boundary worth setting deliberately: where one procurement bundles compute, storage and networking into a single data-centre refresh, set the primary CPV code by the dominant deliverable rather than by the whole bundle, and split the strands into lots an authority wants priced independently. Because server estates tie an authority to a hardware platform and its support contract for years, pin down specification, capacity and warranty terms early.